Thursday, 13 November 2025

Feathered Dinosaurs ..... on the wireless today

Now this is one I enjoyed listening to today.*

It is from the In Our Time series and was first broadcast on October 26th in 2017.

"After 27 years, Melvyn Bragg has decided to step down from the In Our Time presenter’s chair. With over a thousand episodes to choose from, he has selected just six that capture the huge range and depth of the subjects he and his experts have tackled. In this sixth of his choices, we hear Melvyn Bragg and his guests in 2017 discussing new discoveries about dinosaurs.

Their topic is the development of theories about dinosaur feathers, following discoveries of fossils which show evidence of those feathers. 

All dinosaurs were originally thought to be related to lizards (the word 'dinosaur' was created from the Greek for 'terrible lizard') but that now appears false. 

In the last century, discoveries of fossils with feathers established that at least some dinosaurs were feathered and that some of those survived the great extinctions and evolved into the birds we see today. 

There are still many outstanding areas for study, such as what sorts of feathers they were, where on the body they were found, what their purpose was and which dinosaurs had them.

With Mike Benton, Professor of Vertebrate Palaeontology at the University of Bristol, Steve Brusatte, Reader and Chancellor's Fellow in Vertebrate Palaeontology at the University of Edinburgh, and, Maria McNamara, Senior Lecturer in Geology at University College, Cork

Producer: Simon Tillotson"

Picture; Doris the Dinosaur, 2020, from the collection of Andrew Simpson

*Feathered Dinosaurs, BBC Radio 4, https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/b099v33p

A synagogue ......Mr. & Mrs. Solomon ....... and Manchester's Corporation Street

So long before the construction of motorways and airports wiped out some of our favourite buildings  there was Corporation Street. 

The synagogue on Halliwell Street, 1849
It runs from Cross Street and was cut in the late 1840s, and like all such major developments resulted in the demolition of buildings and the loss of smaller streets.

One of those buildings was the synagogue on Halliwell Street which had opened in 1825.

The inaugural stone had been laid the year before at a ceremony which had started with prayers at the “temporary place of worship on Long Millgate  …. [after which] the reader and congregation walked in procession to Halliwell Street to perform the laying of the first stone of the intended new synagogue when very appropriate and impressive prayers, composed for the occasion were said by the reader, after which thirty persons sat down, at the Wilton Arms to an excellent dinner”.*

Just over a year later in the September the Manchester Guardian reported on the consecration of the new synagogue which it wrote “is in every respect suitable for the performance of divine worship”. *****

It was according to one observer an unpretenious red brick building which replaced a temporary place of worship which had been in Ainsworth Court off Long Millgate.

Access to the Court was through a narrow passage.

Sadly the Manchester Guardian didn’t comment on its closure or demolition but did give a detailed account of the new synagogue on Park Street Cheetham Hill Road on March 25th 1858.**

Halliwell Street on which the early synagogue was built was swept away with the coming of Corporation Street, but the 1851 census provides us with a very clear picture of its inhabitants, including Soloman Philips who was the appointed overseer for the synagogue, along with a Miss Levy who described herself as a Professor of Hebrew.

In all there were seventy four residents living on the street, twenty-one of whom were children under the age of 14. The seventy four had  birth places which ranged from Manchester and Salford to Liverpool, Warsaw and Hamburg. 

Their occupations were varied but erred on the side of skilled artisan, including watchmaker and milliner to a professor of Music and a veterinary surgeon alongside the more humble jobs of launderess, matchmaker and traveller along with the delightful “Ender and Mender”.

Mr. Philips had come from Warsaw, and his wife Sarah from Koosemer in Poland  No pictures have survived of their home on Halliwell Street but it commanded an annual rent of £18  which translated into a weekly rent of six shillings which was above that of properties in the surrounding streets.

And it does appear that their house survived the destruction of the synagogue and part of the road it stood on because in 1861 Philip and Sarah are still here at number 9, which sometime during the decade before had been renumbered as no. 4.

Now that remanent is part of Balloon Street which has also been much truncated, but as Balloon Street it is a reminder of that 18th century pioneer of all things ballons.  

This was James Sadler who according to my Annals of Manchester "ascended in his balloon on May 12th 1785 from a garden behind the Manchester Arms Inn Long Millgate, which was then a private house”***. 

And not content with that seven days later “made his second balloon ascent, but on alighting was obliged to let it drive in the wind”.

Indigo Hotel, Todd Street, 2025
Leaving me just to say that there is a plaque commemorating the synagogue on the wall of the Indigo Hotel on Todd Street, close to where the synagogue stood. The text says, "Manchester's First Synagogue, 1825-1858 stood near this site until its demolition in the construction of Corporation Street".

Location; Shudehill

 Picture; the OS map of Manchester & Salford, 1844-49, courtesy of Digital Archives Association, http://digitalarchives.co.uk/ and Indigo Hotel, 2025, from the collection of Andrew Simpson

*The Manchester Guardian, August 14th, 1824

** The Manchester Guardian, September 10th, 1825

***The Manchester Guardian, March 26th, 1858

****Axon, William, The Annals of Manchester, 1885

***** Davies, Ethan, Manchester's first synagogue recognised with plaque in special ceremony, Manchester Evening News, July 13th, 2022, https://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/news/greater-manchester-news/manchesters-first-synagogue-recognised-plaque-24477558


A new history of Chorlton in just 20 objects no 4 the community newspaper 1984

From January 1984 to sometime in May 1986 Chorlton had its own community newspaper. The first editorial set the style “Let 1984 come alive with Chorlton Green....Chorlton Green is a community newspaper, and offers Chorlton the voice it’s never had before – in personal opinion, in creative work and as an information exchange”. And over the next two years the paper covered a lot of what went on in Chorlton and never shied away from controversial stories but could also ponder on the return of the tram and a time in the future when we might become “South Manchester’s Bohemian Heartland” including an “artist’s quarter” with a “glossy sheen of alternative bookstores, exotic antique shops, delicatessens and specialists in ....countercultural accessories”.  All of which makes the story one to explore in more detail at another time.

Picture; courtesy of Bernard Leach.

At Greenwich Hospital in 1902

An occasional series featuring the postcards of Tuck & Sons and images of Greenwich at the very beginning of the 20th century.

Now I have rather neglected Greenwich and yet it was and is one of my favourite places.

I worked for a while at a camping shop on the road into Greenwich and spent three summer vacations working at a food factory on the river just minutes away from the Cutty Sark Park, which in turn was a place I remember fondly.

And of these it will be those warm summer evenings sat on the low wall opposite the pub drinking and chatting with friends and listening to the sound the barges made as they banged together in the wake of a passing ship.

This is the Hospital from a card dated 1902

And it is the detail that draws you in.

So for me as much as I am impressed by the buildings it is the humble working barges that I find fascinating.

Not of course that I am going to to romanticise working on the river.  It was hard dangerous and at times very unpleasant.

Anyone who has been caught in a chill wind blowing off the river in the depths of winter will know what I mean.

Picture; Greenwich Hospital,in the series, London, issued by Tuck & Sons, courtesy of Tuck DB, http://tuckdb.org/


Wednesday, 12 November 2025

Living beside the Medlock in the shadow of railway viaducts in 1851

I am looking at 14 and 16 Victoria Terrace in 1900, and by the time the picture was taken they had been standing for just over 60 years.


They formed a row of properties half of which faced out on to the River Medlock with the rest looking out on to Coronation Square.

All together there were fourteen of them, and along with another ten houses they formed a small enclave behind Fairfield Street, bounded by the river to the east and south, surrounded by textile mills, and in the shadow of a tall railway viaduct.

In all probability they were built sometime around the coronation of the old Queen, and the first recorded reference to them is 1839 in the Manchester Rate Books which records that they were owned by a William Walker.

The houses in Victoria Terrace consisted of four rooms and had been built as back to backs, while the remaining houses on Coronation Square were a mix of two, three and four roomed houses.

In 1841 these 24 properties were home to 120 people, a decade later to 104, and in 1891 there were still 71 residents.


Given the location of this small enclave, most families derived a living from unskilled occupations, of which in the 1840s and 50s was primarily linked to the textile trade.

Just across the river in full view of nos 14 and 16 was the Ardwick Mill on Crane Street and within a few minutes walk there was the weaving shed of the Maskery Mill,and several other textile factories along with a brewery, an iron works, saw mill and timber yard.*

By 1891, reflecting the changes in the area, there had been a decline in the number of residents who worked in the textile trades, and an increase in those who worked for the railway companies, or described themselves as skilled workers.

There was overcrowding, and some properties were sublet, and the worst cases were in the smaller properties of Coronation Square.

And armed with the census returns for 1841, 51 and 91, it is possible to identify the families who occupied each property, and as you would expect there appears to have been a steady change in occupancy.

There is still much to do, including tracking the age profile of the residents and their places of birth, alongside a detailed analysis of just how overcrowded some of the properties were.


But there will be some mysteries which I doubt it will be easy to clear up. 

And of these the one that jumps out at me comes from our picture, for below that precarious looking walkway suspended over the river, there is evidence of a another storey, complete with windows and even a door.  But what is missing, is the means of access to that set of rooms.

Given that these two were back to back properties, there seems no obvious way to get to them.

Other photographs dating from the early 20th century showing them being demolished only serve to add to the confusion.


That said I am sure some will come with a theory and possibly the answer.

In the meantime I shall continue to trawl the census returns, and rate books, looking at the occupations, and ages of our residents with a view to collecting a detailed picture of our little enclave.

Pictures; 14 and16 Victoria Terrace, 1900, m11490, and 1904,  m11495, A Bradburn courtesy of Manchester Libraries, Information and Archives, Manchester City Council, http://images.manchester.gov.uk/index.php?session=pass and the area in 1849, from the OS map of Manchester and Salford, 1848-49, and in 1851 from Adshead map of Manchester, 1851, courtesy of Digital Archives Association, http://digitalarchives.co.uk/


*Maskery Mill Union Street, the Mount Street Dye Works, Mount Street, Pin Mill Cotton Factory, Pin Mill Brow, Ancoats Bridge Print Works, and Ancoats Bridge Mills, Ancoats Hollow. 


A pub, an inscription, and the start of a detective story …… with a confession

I remain intrigued by the discovery at the Bowling Green Hotel of an inscription which looks to have the date 1698 carved into it.

The inscription, 2020
The story was  posted this week, with the speculation of a link between that 17th century inscription and the bowling green, coupled with an appeal to crowd fund for improvements to the green.

It is a fascinating find and could push the story of the site back a century from the conventional assumption that the first pub was opened in the1780s and takes us back to what might have been the first dwelling on the site.

According Thomas Ellwood who wrote a series of articles on the history of Chorlton-cum-Hardy which were published in the winter of 1885 and the spring of the following year, “The oldest inn in the centre of the village  is the Bowling Green Hotel, adjoining the old church – the usual situation for a village public house.


The old Bowling Green Hotel. date unknown
Formerly there stood here one of those ancient wood and plaster dwellings.

The present house was erected about a century ago.  It was first a farmhouse and hostelry combined and belonged to the Egertons of Tatton, but is now owned by Mr. Wm Roberts, the well-known brewer.

Edward Mason was the person who obtained the first licensee of the house, the business afterwards being continued by his son Edward, who was also a land surveyor.  The tenants following were George Whitelegge, William Partington, Charles Chambers,  A. P. Philips, and Edward Richards.  The tenant at present is James English.  There is a bowling-green connected to this inn.

A pond formerly existed on the plot of land bounded by the green behind, and the Chorlton brook, and had a small island in the centre.  This was let during the tenancy of Edward Mason, jun to a gentleman for fishing, but on the making of the main sewer through the village by Lord Egerton, it was drained and filled up.”

Now, Ellwood’s account is fascinating, not least because he drew on the memories of those who had lived in the township all their lives, and would in turn have called up the memories of their parents and grandparents, which might well take us back to the time King George lost the American colonies.

The old Bowling Green Hotel, date unknown
To these we can add the records from the Rate Books which list the owners, and the occupants of our building, starting with the earliest surviving entry which was for 1844.  The records confirm Mr. Ellwood chronology of owners and landlords and offers updates for when they took over the pub.

But what also comes out from those records, is that the first reference to a bowling green only comes in 1862, along with the first refence in the books to the name the Bowling Green Hotel which appears twelve years later.

Of course, history is messy, and the records as ever throw up conflicting evidence.

So, while both the Tithe map of 1845 and the OS map of 1854, show the pond there is no indication of a bowling green. That said the earlier map does list the pub as the Bowling Green Inn, which would suggest that there was indeed a bowling green to the east of old pub.

Ken playing the green, 1979
Frustratingly Mr. Elwood did not elaborate on the bowling green, although he did go into some detail on the green associated with the Horse and Jockey and a later one on the corner of Cross Road and High Lane, recording that “Bowling has always been popular in Chorlton, the well conducted greens being attended solely for healthy exercise and recreation”.

Adding “The village can boast of no fewer than six bowling greens, three in connection with the hotels, and three maintained by subscription. ……… The game may be indulged in by the public at the Lloyd’s Hotel, the Bowling Green Hotel and the old inn at Jackson’s Boat”, [with] another bowling green connected with the Chorlton Reading Rooms, [Beech Road] where the working men of the village assemble”.***

At which point I was tempted arrogantly to conclude that the Bowling Green Hotel’s link to a very old bowling green was unlikely, but history may prove me wrong.  John Lloyd in his book on the history of Chorlton-cum-Hardy commented that “the reputed date of the Bowling Green  Inn is 1693”which comes close to our inscription.****

To which can be added the assertion that “Crown green bowling of a sort is actually recorded in 1600 being played at the Bowling Green Hotel in Chorlton”.*****

Looking towards the Bowling Green, date unknown
Now that reference to 1600 will have to be followed up, but intriguingly, Olive Donohue, who is the secretary of the Chorlton Bowling Club has other sources which show a connection back to the 17th century.

All of which means that this story may have plenty more surprises to come, and along the way, confirm that simple observation that you should never make definitive assumptions about events in the past because the evidence can leap out of the shadows and bite you on the bum.

In the meantime I will finish with that crowd funding appeal, from the club’s Facebook site, "It’s our intention to conduct a crowdfunding campaign ahead of the start of next season (2021), but in the meantime here’s our banking details, in case anyone feels like making a donation. The green itself is in urgent need of some TLC, and grass seed, fertilizer, new sprinklers, etc. can be quite costly".******

Location; Chorlton

The new Bowling Green, 1978
Pictures; The old Bowling Green Hotel, date unknown, from the collections of Allan Brown, Tony Walker,and the Lloyd Collection and Ken playing the green in 1979

*Elwood, Thomas, Inns, Chapter 23, The History of Chorlton-cum-Hardy, April 17th, 1886, South Manchester Gazette.

**George Whitelegg[e] 1841-1859, William Partington, 1859, 1868, Charles Chambers, 1872-3, Edward Richards 1874-1884, James England, 1884, owners, Egertons up to 1859, William & Elizabeth Partington, 1859, Charles Chambers 1872, William Roberts 1874

***Elwood, Thomas, Bowling Greens Chapter 26, The History of Chorlton-cum-Hardy, May 17th, 1886, South Manchester Gazette.

****Lloyd John, The Township of Chorlton-cum-Hardy, 1972, page 60

*****Cheshire County Bowling Association, Centenary Souvenir Booklet, 1910-2010, Cheshire County Bowling Association

****** Bowling Green Hotel Bowling Club, Crowd Funding Appeal, Bank sort code: 20 26 20 (Barclays, Chorlton) Account no: 6019 2988

Even coal holes cover can be mysterious ……. out in Greenwich

Now, I have a new obsession, and it is those iron coal hole covers, which have all but vanished.

Once they were a feature of most houses, came in all sorts of designs and some carried the name of the iron foundry where they were made.

They were the point where the coal man poured the coal down into the cellar, and I just can’t get enough of them.

A few days ago, I made an appeal for pictures and was impressed by the number of people who share my love of all things coal and metal.

And so here are two, sent in by Steve Smith, and because I grew up in Eltham just south of Woolwich, the first is my favourite.

I went looking for Lloyd and Sons, and although I came across some promising leads I have yet to find them in Woolwich at the time their coal hole cover was made.

But I bet someone will have chapter and verse.

And I am hoping that they can help with the second which looks to have the name Deptford and Lewisham on the cover.

I think the image has been reversed and I am useless at decoding such things.

Steve tells me both came from Greenwich.

And the rest as they say awaits developments.

Leaving me just to repeat the appeal for pictures of iron covers, which don’t have to be coal, I am happy to receive all sorts.

And just after I posted the story, Michael C Wood sent over a corrected version of the last cover with the comment, "Here’s a flipped version of that cover.  Just opened it in ‘Paint’, and Rotate/Flip Horizontal".


Location; Greenwich

Pictures; coal hole covers, dates unknown, from the collection of Steve Smith