Two pictures separated by 139 years ...... popular protest on the streets and squares of Manchester

Now I could have chosen images from the food riots at New Cross in the early 19th century, the massacre at Peterloo in 1819 or the public meetings in Stevenson Square, Albert Square and Whitworth Park at the start of the last century. 

But instead I have settled on this image of the huge demonstration at Piccadilly in 1874 for the locked out agricultural workers alongside one of the recent day of action staged by teachers in the same place.*

There has never been a quiet time in British political history and despite what we are often told by the media the people of this country have used street protest and pamphlets as a legitimate way of expressing their opinion.

It appears in folk songs across the centuries is there in the revolutionary literature of the 17th century and crops up from the French Revolution onwards.

Here in Manchester there was the attack by a Church and King mob on the home of the radical Thomas Walker in December 1792, which goes to show that the Establishment has long been willing to call out people onto the streets in defence of the status quo as have those who wished for change.

Thomas Walker who lived in Barlow Hall in the summer months and wintered at South Parade which faces what is now Parsonage Gardens was forced to fire at the crowd to deter an attack on his home and family.

So perhaps this alternative view of political action over the centuries needs to come out of the shadows which I suppose will be the trailer for a series of stories over the next few months on Manchester’s opposition to the Slave Trade, the industrial and political disputes of much of the 19th century from Chartism to strikes and the campaign by the suffragettes and trade unions for the right of universal suffrage.

Pictures; from the Graphic Newspaper 1874, and the collection of Andrew Simpson, June 2013


*When Manchester turned out to support locked out farm labourers
http://chorltonhistory.blogspot.co.uk/2012/06/when-manchester-turned-out-to-support.html

On Market Street with just a century apart

Market Street has always been a busy place.

During the 19th and for most of the 20th centuries the crowds were confined to the pavements or risked taking their chances with congested traffic which edged its way up and down often at a snail’s pace.

And it is pretty much the same today.  True, the traffic has gone but you still have to keep a mindful eye on the junction with High Street and Fountain Street for trams.

So this was where I found myself last weekend waiting outside Debenhams across from Primark and the tram stop.

At the turn of the last century the spot contained fifteen different businesses, ranging from the London City and Midland Bank, the Angel Hotel, H Samuel watchmaker, tobacconists, a tourist agency and my own favourite Finningans Ltd, portmanteau manufactures.

Then like the crowd in our photograph I slowly made my way down towards the Arndale and just like then had to negotiate street sellers, and the wave of pedestrians.

Pictures: postcard from 1908 from the collection of Rita Bishop, remaining images from the collection of Andrew Simpson

The Castle Hotel selling beer since 1778 and still going strong on Oldham Street

Oldham Street, circa 1910

I was back in the Northern Quarter recently.*

We don’t go as often as we should and that is a pity because you can always be rewarded by a nice bit of history, some quirky shops and of course those pubs which have survived the commercial rationalization of brewery outlets, the planners determination to tidy place up and various periods of urban blight.

And so to Oldham Street, which I remember as a thriving shopping centre in the 60s, which degenerated after the Arndale and has now come alive again as a place to buy interesting things you won’t find in the chain stores.

Like many who grew up in the 1950s and set up home in the 70s I am always drawn to the Pop Boutique store which opened in 1994 and pretty much sells everything from vintage clothing to all manner of things your everyday vintage junkie might find interesting and even buy.

Junk, 32 Dale Street

I guess part of the attraction is just to speculate on what we did with the ghastly table mats from the 1972 or the equally awful plastic flowers given away by a soap company in the 50s.

And having tired with that place I never tire of the Castle.

It dates from the late 1770s has undergone changes of name and appearances but remains a fascinating little pub.

I first went there in 1971 and sat in one of the back rooms debating politics and drinking the bitter.

It is a remarkable survival of the sort of drinking place you could have found on almost any street corner in the city centre from the 18th century onwards.

Castle Hotel

Now at this point I shall hand over to the experts and the wonderful Pubs of Manchester Past and Present blog, http://pubs-of-manchester.blogspot.co.uk/ which tells the story of the pubs both in the city and the surrounding area.

And of course the individual stories provide a powerful collective history of Manchester and the people who have lived here.

*http://chorltonhistory.blogspot.co.uk/2013/03/if-it-wasnt-for-houses-in-between-you.html

**http://www.pop-boutique.com/

Window of Junk

Picture; courtesy of Pubs of Manchester Past and Present blog, http://pubs-of-manchester.blogspot.co.uk/ Oldham Street, circa 1910 from the collection of Rita Bishop and Junk, 32 Dale Street from the collection of Andrew Simpson

Waiting for a tram on Market Street on a June afternoon

It is already hard to remember a time when Market Street still had traffic, and I have come to take for granted the metro stop at the Piccadilly end.

And for no particular reason other than I was on Market Street on a June day recently watching the crowds I decided to post the metro people waiting for a tram somewhere.

Pictures; from the collection of Andrew Simpson

A piece of Beech Road which will soon be gone

The Home of Daniel Sharpe in 2013

It is a place with plenty of history but I fear won’t be with us for much longer.

It is 131 Beech Road and I have written about it in the past.

Once it was home to Daniel Sharp who lived here from certainly 1841 and maybe earlier.

He was a wine merchant and may have moved into the property with his new wife after their marriage in 1833.

Sadly she died in 1846 leaving him a widow until his own death in 1861.

Although that is not the full picture because in 1852 he married his servant Ann Bailey who was much younger than him.

The house circa 1985-87

The marriage seemed not to be successful for nine years later she is no longer with him and in his will made shortly before he died having left her nothing he adds a codicil and awards her a small sum of money.  It is a story I will return to.

The house has had a varied set of occupants since then gaining the jutty out bit at the end of the 19th century, and now after a second fire which destroyed part of the roof it sits neglected.

A planning application last year has come to nothing and I suspect this fine example of what may be only one of two remaining town houses built in the 1830s will soon disappear.

Pictures; from the collection of Andrew Simpson, 2013 and Tony Walker, 1985-87

Something of the history of Southern Cemetery

Entrance to Southern Cemetery, date unknown

"Opened in 1879, Southern Cemetery is situated on Barlow Moor Road, South Manchester. 

It is the largest municipal cemetery in the UK and the second largest in Europe, with stunning gardens and pathways, and six grade 2 listed buildings, four of which are chapels. 

The cemetery is also the final resting place for many great Mancunians including philanthropist John Rylands, British aviator John Alcock and former Manchester United Manager, Sir Matt Busby”*

Now as a brief introduction to Southern Cemetery this pretty much does the business.

And there is no doubting the importance of the place both for those with relatives buried there and the general public some of whom visit the cemetery for the peace and tranquilly it offers along with some impressive scenery and wildlife.

For me of course there is also the history like the other big Manchester cemeteries it was built in response to the problem of inner city church yards which had become full and were according to many endangering the health of the living.

In the small church yard of St John’s off Deansgate an inscription on the memorial records 22,000 were buried there during the  18th and 19th centuries, and  in Angel Meadow 44,000 people were interred between 1789-1816.**

The Crematorium, date unknown

All of which led to the creation of these fit for purpose cemeteries on the edge of the city.

This started with Philips Park which was opened in 1865 on the east of the city and Southern Cemetery fourteen years later.

Alongside the push for a more rational policy of dealing with the dead came the move towards cremation and the formation of the Manchester Cremation society in 1888 which in turn set up the Manchester Cremation Company in 1890 with a capital of £10,000 raised by subscription.*

It bought a plot of  6.75 acres of land close to Southern Cemetery, upon which it built a Crematorium with a chapel and a covered walk way with niches for urns.  It was officially opened on October 2nd 1892, and was only the second crematorium to be opened in the country.

But the number of cremations remained low.  So that in the first ten years there were only 471 which may have had something to do with the cost.

“The price of a basic cremation was £5-5s-0d and to this could be added a further £1-1s-0d for the clergyman and 15s-0d for burial of the ashes in the grounds. 

A niche would cost a further £2-12s-6d in the outside columbarium or £5-5s-0d inside the chapel to which a further £1-1s-0d would be added for carving the inscription on the slab. 

By comparison, a simple burial for an adult might cost as little as 10s or for a child 7s with the clergyman charging a further 2s 6d. Furthermore, burial might be available close to home while cremation would involve a time consuming and costly journey to the one crematorium in south Manchester.”

Sadly some of the registers and most other early records of the Crematorium were lost when the company's office in York Street, Manchester, was destroyed during the winter blitz of 1940.  But the list of the first 412 cremations up to 1900 is available in the library at Clayton House and while those from 1900 to December 23  1940, have been lost it may be possible to find a reference in a local newspaper death notice or a memorial plaque at the crematorium.

Gravestone of Satinik Kouyoumjian

But that still remains the vast number of gravestones which can be visited and for those with an interest in family history the City Council provides a link to the online database which holds the records of those buried in Manchester cemeteries.****

Armed with this and a map of the plots it should be possible to track down a relative some one of interest.

Pictures;, entrance to Southern Cemetery from the Lloyd collection, gravestone of Satinik Kouyoumjian from Manchester’s Armenian community from the collection of Andrew Simpson







* Manchester Cemeteries and Crematorium http://www.manchester.gov.uk/info/200032/deaths_funerals_and_cemeteries/5099/manchester_cemeteries_and_crematorium/5
** http://chorltonhistory.blogspot.co.uk/search/label/Chorlton%27s%20Burial%20Scandal
*** A Brief History of Cremation: The Manchester Experience, originally published in the Manchester Genealogist Volume 37/2 in 2001, http://www.mlfhs.org.uk/articles/37-2_cremation_history.pdf
****http://www.burialrecords.manchester.gov.uk/

One for the diary............ paintings by Chagall at the Manchester Jewish Museum in June

"An exhibition showcasing work by some of the most famous Jewish artists in history will be opening at Manchester Jewish Museum from June 20. 

The exhibition, Chagall, Soutine & the School of Paris will include original work by artists including Marc Chagall and Chaim Soutine. On loan from the Ben Uri Gallery, the exhibition opens in the same month as Tate Liverpool’s Chagall: Modern Master exhibition.

The Museum’s exhibition will include over 20 works of art by 14 artists, including Marc Chagall, Chaim Soutine, Lazar Berson and Sonia Delaunay. *

Picture, courtesy of the Manchester Jewsish Museum, http://www.manchesterjewishmuseum.com/

*Manchester Jewish Museum, 190 Cheetham Hill Road, Manchester, M8 8LW, 0161 834 9879, E: admin@manchesterjewishmuseum.com